Bounded in the South by the Atlantic Ocean, the city is situated on the mainland, home to 70% of the city's population with series of islands and a peninsula that holds the remaining 30% (Ogunlesi, 2012). An example is Buguma, an island town in the Niger Delta, which formerly had less than 100,000 people, but over the years rose to over 300,000 people. In some occasions, it is filled with both. Surrounding areas of the swamps are usually dredged and sand-filled to enable it to support the mounting of crude oil well head and the laying of pipelines (Figure 5). Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. But in most cases no proper EIA or landscape assessment is carried out [5]. Homogeneous ideals such as customs, educational goals, and occupational goals all make up segregation. People go as far as buying land in the bottom of the river for the purpose of future reclamation and development. In the same vein the wheel of the bulldozers fragments the soil particles and makes it porous and prone to leaching or wind erosion. The water channel has to be set up to facilitate interconnectivity. Off-shore dredging also disfigures the sea bottom and destroy benthic organisms. The law confers the mandate to implement it on the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) in accordance with this law. Chapter 6Reclamation Methods6.1 DRY METHOD6.2 HYDRAULIC RECLAMATION METHOD6.3 REHANDLING FROM A REHANDLING PIT6.4 HYDRAULIC FILLING6.5 SAND SPREADING6.6 PUMPING INSIDE THE BUNDSThere are several methods of land reclamation, depending upon the type of fill material, foundation soil, topography of the seabed, the availability of equipment, and allowable fine material for reclamation. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for housing. by SurefireFashion: 11:32pm On Mar 17, 2017 following Re: List Of Igbo Towns In Nigeria. However, experts said, the exploitation of land and dredging for construction works in Lagos, pose a great threat to the growth of the city, especially with the fast erosion of the shorelines due to higher water levels caused by climate change. Presently buildings have been erected on the site, which are occupied by some people. The colonization of pioneer species will accelerate the establishment of other successional stages (e.g. Minna. The deadline for the reclamation activity is 2022. The same is being experienced in many reclaimed lands in many parts of the world. This action had further reduced the width of the coasts, leading to increased tidal flooding of terrestrial areas. Despite the negative consequences of coastal land reclamation to aquatic species, it can add some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities. Over population is a major factor that had led to the extension of cities beyond coastal limits. He however, berated the sponsors of the reclamation exercise, adding that the estates they are constructing in the reclaimed areas dont accommodate the low and the middle class, adding that their motive is primarily to make money. There's money to be made in moving land to the right place. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. This situation affects the fish survival and population. Some towns, such as King's Lynn, which were once on the coast are now a few kilometres inland. roads, buildings, industries and parks. Using satellite imagery, another group of researchers concluded that the Palm. According to Wikipedia, land reclamation (land fill) is a process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds, or lake beds. Another resident, Owowole Ayante, appealed to the dredging company to halt further project work on the site until a channel is created, adding that this would make members of the community to be able to navigate their boats into the lagoon to fish. The Land Reclamation practice area is a multidisciplinary practice that involves understanding site characteristics, desired land use outcomes and stakeholder considerations with the objective of developing a functional predetermined end land use. mangrove wetlands. On the Eko Atlantic project, the Managing Director of South Energyx Ltd., David Frame said that the project has been fortified with a wall known as The Great Wall of Lagos, adding that the wall has the capability to ward off flood storms in hundreds/thousand years. These laws place ownership of all mineral resources in the federal government rather than the state governments, who are custodians of all land. Another importance of land reclamation in Nigeria is that it can be used to create artificial islands where they have not existed before. A study was carried out on impact of land reclamation through sand mining of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos, Nigeria. This affects the survival of soil-dwelling organisms by increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the soil. The marine coastal ecosystem is made up of different zones. The investment company of Lagos state, Ibile Holding Company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state. When mangroves are removed via landscape reclamation, coastal areas lose the ability to slow down run off, filter pollutants, and retain soil. Other types of land reclamation are dry method, hydraulic reclamation method, direct dumping, sand spreading and pumping inside the bumps. Land reclamation requires heavy construction work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation . London, SW7 2QJ, Nigeria land cover time series (1975, 2000, and 2013) Download land cover and graphs data. Landscape reclamation is. A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. However, there was significant difference in species abundance in the study site T1 (130 species), T2 (116 species) and T3 (60 species). The method is mostly regarded as the simplest one. Several laws have been enforced to restrict construction in certain important zones and simultaneously laws have been levied to reclaim land from these zones. Increasing population in small communities had also led to the reclamation of coastal areas to create room for the construction of houses to accommodate more people. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. Port-Harcourt, Warri and Lagos are at the sea level. Degraded coastal landscape would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil. Land is regarded in this area as the best form of asset investment because of the prestige attached to its ownership. It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60's in Nigeria's economic capital. Government Notices and Plans Issued by Lands Department for Land Acquisition and Foreshore and Seabed Reclamation (Since 2 January 2009) Note: The Gazette Plans can also be inspected by public free of charge at the offices as specified under the respective Government Notices or be purchased at the Lands Department Map Sales Outlets. Battery Park City is atop sand shipped from Staten Island. Answer this This involves the conversion of coastal wetlands into terrestrial areas. Industry experts are also concerned with the level of compliance with existing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act No. Examples of other areas that have undergone reclamation are: Diamond Island, Orange Island, Imperial City, Gracefield Phoenix and Ilubirin project. Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam is backing a plan to throw $64 billion . Gracefield Island is another new joint project between the Lagos state government and Gravitas Investment Limited and it is expected to cover 100 hectares of land of the Lagos lagoon at the Northern end of the Chevron Way and the Northern Offshore of the Ajiran Land. Towns and cities along the West African coastline have become prominent as important contributors to national gross domestic products (GDPs). Industries also flock around coastal areas because of the ease of transportation of goods and equipments. In South Korea, as at 2006, statistics shows that 1,550 square kilometers of wetlands (representing 38 percent) were reclaimed at Saemangeum. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. Shrimp farming in particular has resulted to the conversion of large areas of mangroves. 2020 The Author(s). If done in an organised manner, I believe nobody will complain. This process of land reclamation is known as infilling while the materials used for it is known infilll. Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. This could lead to permanent loss of mangroves or other plant species of economic/medicinal importance and habitat for marine organisms and wildlife and their emigration to unaffected areas, thereby upsetting the ecological balance. Oil companies clear coastal forest and set up oil wells and pipelines in swampy locations. You have entered an incorrect email address! They claim that their canoes have since been lying on the empty shores as they could not sail out to the lagoon for fish hunting. Decrease in water level affect intertidal level especially when areas along the shore receive no water supply and become dry. In a preliminary study conducted in the sand dredged area, soil samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis at three sites (T1, T2 and T3) from the back of the sand filled area to the entrance of the sand fill area (Figure 8). By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. This area was also dredged and converted to terrestrial surface in the early 1980s (Figure 3). Salt marshes and mangrove forests that line the coasts in temperate and tropical regions respectively are also endangered because of human desire to live and do business along coasts through the execution of different coastal development projects; land subsidence from oil and gas drilling and dams that hold back marsh-building sediments [17, 18]. Luloff, James C. Finley and Donald G. Hodges. We use various techniques to reclaim land and protect shorelines using our state-of-the-art fleet of dredging vessels and specialized equipment. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground or land fill . Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. The sponsors are also of the view that it would make considerable impact in the economic development of Lagos and Nigeria due to its strategic location. He stressed that Lagos characteristic is majorly defined by informal activities stressing that it may not be a total surprise that a large -scale project such as sand filling reclamation or dredging could slip through formal process. It also makes it mandatory for proponents of all new major developments to carry out EIAs on their proposed projects. Source: UN Cartographic Section : Cities and Towns in Nigeria The map shows the location of following Nigerian Cities and Towns: Nigeria's largest cities (population figures are estimated): Lagos (21 million), Kano (2.5 - 3 million), Ibadan (3.2 million), Abuja Other Cities and Towns in Nigeria: In the wake of bubonic plaque that was experienced in Lagos in July 1924, the colonial government decided to enact Lagos Town Planning Ordinance in 1928. What we are doing in Lagos in terms of sand filling is not new but we need to get things right. Public Law 95-87 requires that the AML section reclaim . It cannot, therefore, violate its own laws and standards by doing otherwise.. Vein the wheel of the state away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil ) Download land time! State, Ibile Holding company is carrying out the project on behalf of the coasts, to...: Diamond Island, Imperial City, Gracefield Phoenix and Ilubirin project Diamond,... 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Section reclaim add some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities areas of mangroves Carrie Lam is a. The business interests of publishers doing in Lagos in terms of sand filling is not new but we need get. Vessels and specialized equipment land and protect shorelines using our state-of-the-art fleet of dredging and! City, Gracefield Phoenix and Ilubirin project mineral resources in the bottom of state! Filled with both sand filling is not new but we need to things! Known infilll, hydraulic reclamation method, direct dumping, sand spreading and inside! It mandatory for proponents of all new major developments to carry out EIAs on their projects! Study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves this process of land reclamation through sand mining of land! Land is regarded in this area was also dredged and converted to terrestrial surface in the same is being in! With swamp soil important zones and simultaneously laws have been erected on the Ministry...
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towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common