This is the best map of where deer are in Virginia and what deer population level the Departments Deer Management Plan indicates is warranted for that area. On behalf of the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, we would like to take this opportunity to thank you for your interest in DMAP. The Department remains committed to a harvest reporting system that is convenient to hunters, obtains reliable data, and maintains the publics trust in this information of critical importance to sound deer management. Only one new Virginia CWD positive county, Floyd, was identified/added in 2021. In some suburban counties, state hunting regulations are not the strictest constraint affecting deer hunting. Adult males are the sex and age class most likely to have CWD, so a taxidermist- supported approach is an efficient surveillance method. Mythology about deer, especially when and where to hunt, has been part of Virginia culture at least since the beginning of European colonization. Persons interested in more information on Virginias deer management program can read the Departments deer management plan. "Bad news is on two fronts. In the western Frederick and northern Shenandoah area, clinically sick CWD deer (e.g., starving, staggering, with neurological symptoms) are now being found and reported. "Gardening" the woods created an artificially high deer population, but that was offset by hunting pressure. That triggered a lawsuit filed by two landowners and the Archery Trade Association. Velvet protects the bone-forming tissue initially:5, velvet protects the bone-growing tissue that produces antlers, on a cycle determined by testosterone and day length 29,748. A fawn may breed in the first year of its life. Far back in 1530, a report on the explorations of Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon along the Carolina coast included a tale that makes Disney's Bambi movie appear almost scientific:17. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. In some years, over 1,000 deer were harvested from 100 public properties.13, Fairfax County relies primarily on its archery hunts to control the deer population on county land White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are 4 to 6.5 feet in length (nose to tail), stand 3 to 3.5 feet at the shoulder, and weigh between 95 and 190 lbs. The agency will solicit input on whether to increase, decrease or stabilize deer populations in each of the 51 counties where firearms deer hunting will be permitted for fall 2022. Deer regulations in Virginia are evaluated and amended on a biennial basis. As was noted in the introduction above, in most habitats in Virginia, deer populations exhibit density dependent population responses with deer condition inversely related to deer density. Wildlife officials are now trying to reduce deer populations in many counties and cities across Virginia, to reduce the impacts of overgrazing, limit the risk of disease, and reduce the number of deer-car collisions. These are not big numbers in terms of calls, counties, or deer. Fairfax County established its deer management program after a fatal deer-vehicle collision in 1997. Current population estimates put West Virginia's bear population near 15,000 animals, and bears have been harvested in 53 of 55 counties in recent years. HD does not traditionally play a major role in deer management west of the Blue Ridge. Antlers grow from "pedicels" or mounting points on a male deer's head, and they form even before a fawn is born. The state agency has defined roughly 100 management units between 26-1,112 square miles (with an average of 401 square miles). By clarifying goals and directions of deer management, this plan will assist the DWR Board of Directors, DWR administrators and staff, and the public in addressing deer issues. DMAP is a site-specific deer management program that increases a landowners or hunt clubs management options by allowing a more liberal kill of antlerless deer than could be obtained under the current system of county either-sex deer hunting day regulations. This is the one region where the Department continues to maintain long-term very liberal deer seasons. The good news is that decades of experience with HD in Virginia clearly shows that, in the absence of any further significant HD activity, deer herds typically recover in a couple of years. Acorns are the preferred food in the Fall. These responsibilities include good sportsmanship, compliance with game laws and DMAPregulations, and 100% cooperation with local game wardens and biologists. Conversely, as deer population density decreases, herd health and reproductive rates improve. These changes have been successful in reducing the female deer kill. Record B&C Typical Stat. Virginias deer management program has been noted for both its simplicity and its success. Over three years starting in 2012, Virginia released 75 elk that had been captured in neighboring Kentucky. 215,000 deer) As deer population density increases, herd condition and reproductive rates decline. Although not shown on Figure 2, the CWD in DMA1 actually represents the eastern edge of a big and growing CWD outbreak centered in Hampshire County West Virginia which also extends up into Maryland. However, even with an extensive investigation conducted by DWR, law enforcement, and the cooperator, the location of harvest for this animal was not able to be confirmed. HD hit the southeastern half of the Southern Piedmont like a sledgehammer in fall 2014, but deer populations have recovered over the last five to six years. BCC is a function of the quality and quantity of habitat. Since that time, regulations have been made more conservative in some areas, and deer herds and deer kill numbers across most of the Tidewater region have been recovering. Hunting is the preferred population management method, where appropriate and feasible. Fairfax County has no acreage or distance restriction for archery hunting. "But there is an emphasis on the 'plus.'". Over most of the Northern Piedmont, the Department continues to try reducing the deer population (see Figure 4), especially in Northern Virginia (NOVA; Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William counties) and now also in the CWD DMA2. The program began in 2010 as a part of the county's deer . Maintain current deer viewing opportunities; Maintain current deer hunter participation by weapon type; Manage deer hunter satisfaction at levels above adequate; Ensure that deer hunting methods are fair and sportsmanlike; Ensure that deer-related recreation respects rights of private property owners and other citizens; Increase stakeholder support for deer-related recreation through education and engagement. The decline in the western public land deer kill has been halted, but the deer population has not recovered, to date. In quiet years, that figure is less than or equal to 1%. For more information on CWD go to DWRs website. Overall outlook: "Kentucky's deer population is looking great for the upcoming season," says Kyle Sams, deer and elk program biologist with the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife. In a typical year, approximately 1-2% of deer have splitting and sloughing hooves. Hunting parties sortied into the forests away from the population centers, and members of different tribes must have encountered each other regularly on such deer hunts. These five counties have a combined population of 1.2 million people and a high concentration of deer hunting opportunities. In April when the Department received the fall 2020 DMAP data, it clearly indicated a bigger HD year in fall 2020 than previously thought based on the low number of late summer/early fall HD calls and reports. Source: Smithsonian Institution, Crow Lodge of Twenty-five Buffalo Skins (by George Catlin), Brevis narratio eorum quae in Florida Americae provincia Gallis acciderunt : quae est secunda pars Americae, Antietam NB, Monocacy NB, and Manassas NBP, Draft White-tailed Deer Management Plan and EIS. Habitat carrying capacity changes seasonally and annually, with winter being the limiting season over most of Virginia. The rest of the counties along the expanded Interstate 95 corridor from northern Virginia to Richmond are targeted for increased harvest with a goal of reducing the deer herd. DMA3 in southern Virginia was added after a positive detection in Montgomery County in 2020. Figure 3: 2020 private land relative deer population status and target objective by management unit. Human expansion and economic progress have driven natural predators out of Virginia, giving deer free rein. After Deer-Vehicle Collisions in Virginia, Where Do the Animal Carcasses End Up? Source: Flickr (by James St. John), bucks (male deer) grow antlers in the late summer and shed them after the rutting season In fall 2021, approximately 2,175 samples from hunter-harvested deer were submitted by participating taxidermists. By 1970, Virginia's statewide deer population was estimated to be approximately 215,000 animals. 2023 Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources. Figure 3 shows the relative differences among counties in the kill of antlered bucks per square mile of habitat on private land, averaged over the past three hunting seasons. East of the Blue Ridge, approximately 6% of the 11,500 deer examined by DMAP cooperators showed splitting or sloughing hooves on two or more feet indicative of having had HD in fall 2020. In far southwest, the Department is trying to maintain current/stable deer populations, and lastly in the two of the three coal field counties of Buchanan, Dickenson, and Wise the Department is still trying to increase deer populations. In Virginia, the top five counties for deer hunting are Buckingham, Clarke, Floyd, Russell, and Warren. Last fall, DWR received 54 late summer and early fall HD calls from 30 counties involving 199 deer. The minimum caliber for muzzleloading rifles has been reduced from .45 to .40 caliber (the projectile must still be greater than or equal to .35 caliber). Biological principles continue to play a major role in the success of deer management programs, but meaningful stakeholder involvement is also necessary. Over most of the past three decades the deer kill in Tidewater has been fairly stable between 40-50,000 deer. Acorns of white oaks are preferred because they have less tannins. Females of sheep, goats, cows, and bison in the Bovidae family have horns that never fall off, along with the males. Numbers were down . During the past deer season, 191,731 deer were reported killed by deer hunters in Virginia. In rural areas, farmers can get permits to kill deer that are damaging crops. According to some game managers . In fall 2020, additional CWD detections were made in DMA2 in Fauquier (1), Loudoun (1), Madison (1), and Rappahannock (1) counties. Longview One Stop, 6861 Buckhannon Rd., Volga, WV 26238. To date, five clinical CWD deer have been found. Previously, we had identified big unexpected jumps in CWD to Culpeper County in fall 2018 and to Montgomery County in fall 2020. . White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) garner more interest than any other wildlife species in Virginia. Computer and Internet Use. Resident hunting license and deer permit . November 02, 2018 By Mark Fike. First detected in fall 2009 near the community of Gore in Frederick County on the West Virginia state border, CWD has been moving east across Frederick County and south for over a decade and has now become firmly established across nearly all of Frederick County and in the northern third to half of Shenandoah County. While the average deer per square mile across Arlington is less than the industry standard sustainable . Continued very high human population growth rates and deer- vehicle collisions remain important deer management issues in the Northern Piedmont. CCC is defined as the maximum number of deer that can coexist compatibly with humans. Note there are 97 major deer management units in Virginia. Stricter enforcement of deer hunting laws starting in the 1920's had an impact, in part because it is easy to distinguish the sexes during the Fall hunting season. This one-on-one relationship, stressing communication and cooperation, makes DMAP a flexible and effective deer management program. The Hoosier State's population was 6,785,528 in 2020, up 4.7% since 2010. Removal of antler point restrictions from the Fairystone quality deer management area in Patrick County, which is within 25 miles of this new positive. Antlers and bones were manufactured into tools, and sinew was used to bind objects together. The county calculated that 15-20 deer per square mile was the appropriate population level, but there were 40-100 deer per square mile in many places. In 2004 the Reston Association banned archery hunting, even on private land within the community. Please remember to report deer that appear sick with the following combination of symptoms (starving, staggering, and obvious neurological symptoms) from anywhere in Virginia to the Virginia Wildlife Helpline at (855) 571-9003. Over most of the Northern Piedmont, the Department continues to try reducing the deer population (see Figure 3), especially in Northern Virginia (Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William counties) and now also in the CWD Disease Management Area(s). That city's land use pattern changed from suburban to urban, as nearly all parcels were developed ("built out"). The Cumberland (to the north) and Fluvanna (to the south) calls tended to be along the James River. Such an inventory at the statewide level would be excessively expensive, and the Department of Wildlife Resources did not require more-specific population numbers in order to set annual hunting regulations. Addition of early and late antlerless- only deer seasons in an approximately 40 square-mile Disease Focus Zone in Montgomery County. Please support the Virginia Hunters for the Hungry program, do not feed the deer, and, most importantly, be safe. Because these assumptions are not always true, regulations set over a large area will in some areas be too conservative and in some areas too liberal. It adopted traditional control measures for county-owned land, authorizing a public archery program and managed hunts using qualified hunters selected via a lottery. When preparing the "Virginia Deer Management Plan, 2006-2015," state officials surveyed the opinions of local officials to evaluate how the scientific recommendations would be received in different areas of the state. While a doe will reach full size in two and a half years, the largest antlers will appear on well-fed bucks that are over four years old:16, trophy bucks grow the largest antlers after they are four years old These efforts have been and continue to be successful. In Highland and Amelia counties, where the objective was to stabilize population, local officials thought the public would prefer increasing the number of deer.15. Check stations that desire to do so can continue to offer electronic reporting services to hunters. New applicants are required to furnish a written statement of their deer management objective(s). The state is believed to have an estimated total Black Bear population of around 800 to 1,000 bears and growing with the most bears per square mile in the northwest part of the state. HD occurs in Virginia every fall at some low level. As a result, their populations dropped, but deer benefited from the increase in "edge" habitat. Source: Prince William County, Hunting Restrictions Maps - Gainesville. The first Virginia Deer Management Plan, completed in 1999, has been revised twice, during 20052006 and 20142015, through the involvement of stakeholders and managers of deer. In 2021 ab out 25 percent of whitetails and 15 percent of blacktails died from disease. The early and late muzzleloading deer seasons have been made full season either sex deer hunting on private lands in Page County. During the decades when increasing the deer population was the priority, state regulations limited harvest of does and steered hunters to shoot bucks. Non-resident hunting license and deer permit. Thanks to a new West Virginia Division of Natural Resources study, hunters, conservationists and wildlife enthusiasts will soon know more about the state's white-tailed deer population, their survival raises, behavior and movement patterns. Deer hunters who would like to know the annual deer kill totals by county dating back to 1947, including the county-specific 2021 totals, . early European explorers and colonists were fascinated by reports of Native American techniques for hunting deer In terms of the ratio of sexes in the state, 50.8% are females and 49.2% are males. NOVA currently has the longest and most liberal deer season in the United States, running eight months in length with nearly six months of firearms deer hunting and with no daily or season bag limit on antlerless deer (with purchase of bonus permits). In Loudoun County, Lyme disease associated with deer ticks became a political issue in the 2012 presidential election. Search FairfaxCounty.gov. Fall 2020 was not. The state's deer management plan has encouraged the killing of does in some areas to reduce the deer population. In suburban areas, deer damage to plants in yards becomes more of a problem as Winter begins. It is not a function of deer. Skins were used for clothing and bedding, but not for cladding the exterior of houses known as yi-hakins in Tidewater. Deer herds that expand to the BCC are frequently, but inaccurately, called overpopulated. If sterilization was successful, the City of Fairfax deer population levels would stay at lower levels than in nearby jurisdictions.12, healthy does can produce fawns for over 5 years First, deer herds on private lands over most of western Virginia have been fairly stable over the past two-plus decades (with the exception of Alleghany, Bath, and Highland counties). The relative abundance descriptions . Source: Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Virginia Deer Management Plan, 2006-2015 (p.9), Virginia deer distribution in 2004 based on population index (antlered buck kill/deer habitat in square miles) Losingand RegainingBalance in Our Deer Population. in Arlington since 2020 but are still common in Virginia. This total included 95,665 antlered bucks, 12,219 button bucks, and 83,847 does (44% females). The Montgomery County CWD-positive deer was sampled as part of this effort. There are, however, some changes related to Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) noted below. It is too early to determine exactly what is going on with the CWD found in DMA3. Source: Aria Soha, deer stand at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Jurisdictions harvesting more than 3,000 deer in 2009-2010 2021 Virginia Deer Season Review. So, when you see the deer kill down so significantly in those two counties . First detected in fall 2009 near the community of Gore in Frederick County on the West Virginia state border, CWD has been moving east across Frederick County and south for a decade and has now become established in the northern half of Shenandoah County. Just like in Tidewater, HD can play a major role in the Southern Piedmont. The SAC was responsible for identifying the goals that should drive deer management. Restocking continued until 1992.3, restocking efforts that began in 1926 focused on counties west of the Blue Ridge 2023 Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources. In 2021, the Virginia Board of Wildlife Resources debated whether it should recommend the legislature establish a landowner notification requirement, but decided to make no proposal to the General Assembly.18, too many deer results in grazing of suburban gardens and shrubbery, and resting on grassy lawns, the idealized version of cute deer causes public reactions to deer management proposals that involve hunting 7.5%. This is the second season that all deer were reported using the Departments electronic harvest reporting systems (telephone, online, and mobile app). Pursuant to a change in the Code of Virginia, a change has been made that only the projectile must be loaded from the muzzle of a muzzleloading. The female deer kill level has been fairly high in this region for many years. Higher deer populations are desired and tolerated in this area because there are not a lot of deer-human conflicts in this area. In 2019, . However, deer also inflict millions of dollars in damage to crops, trees, and gardens and are a safety risk on our highways. Young forests grew up on farms abandoned since the agricultural depression in the 1920's and the population migration to the cities during World War II. Washington Deer Population: An esti mated 252,000 deer in 2021 down from about 278,000 in 2020 and 310,000 in 2014. First, deer herds on private lands over most of western Virginia have been fairly stable over the past two-plus decades (with the exception of Alleghany, Bath, and Highland counties). Time will tell. North Carolina was not so lucky. This years total included 90,242 antlered bucks, 1,113 bucks that had shed their antlers, 11,921 button bucks, and 81,692 does (44%). Caption: Ohio's deer archery hunting season . home. Native Americans used "beamers" (carved bones with two parallel edges) to scrape flesh/fat from fresh animal skins As shown in Figure 4 about of the deer herds in the Southern Piedmont are at their desired deer population level (i.e., primarily yellow or moderate). The plan identifies a framework of what needs to be done, how it should be done, and when it should be done. Source: Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Virginia Deer Management Plan, 2006-2015 (p.9). A major increase or decrease in the statewide deer kill total is not expected. Also related to CWD management efforts, a special early (September) antlerless only firearms deer season has been established on private lands in Culpeper, Fauquier, Madison, Orange, and Rappahannock counties. The median age among the population of Virginia is approximately 37.8 years of age. This total included 101,509 antlered bucks, 13,637 button bucks, and 93,005 does (44% females). The state does not seek to maintain the highest population level of deer at the "biological carrying capacity" in order to maximize the sale of hunting licenses. It can be, but it is much more flexible. For the last three centuries of wildlife management, the goal was to increase the herd. One unique thing about fall 2020 was how warm it was. The local perception may reflect the economic impact of wildlife-related tourism. Katherine.edwards@fairfaxcounty.gov . While West Virginia is known statewide for its incredible hunting seasons, several southern counties stand out for one interesting reason. In 2021, 19 positive animals were found in DMA1 including 17 in Frederick County and one each in Clarke and Shenandoah counties. Deer management in Virginia is based on the fact that herd density and health are controlled by regulating antlerless deer kill levels. Figure 4 shows the relative differences among counties in the kill of antlered bucks per square mile of habitat on private land, averaged over the past three hunting seasons. Related to the Departments CWD management efforts, the following regulation changes have been made which will become effective this upcoming fall 2022. Animals that needed unbroken blocks of woods, such as the pileated woodpecker and wood thrush, lost habitat. Since 2009, a total of 134 CWD-positive deer have been confirmed in Virginia. The deadline for new applications is September 15. Hunters who qualify and undergo training can now take part in the deer archery program in Fairfax County, Virginia, through February 18. In 1938, the General Assembly granted hunters the right to go onto private property to retrieve hunting dogs which had not returned to the hunters. The 118,606 West Virginia deer harvested in the 2022-23 seasons were harvested several different ways. 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