how many jewish people died in the holocaust

The Nazis kept detailed records of the people who passed through the camps; nevertheless, we do not know how many Jews may still have been unaccounted for in the many places where they were murdered. The two institutions also divided the occupied areas slightly differently. Almost half of the people polled could not name a single concentration camp. without which Koreans would have all died and starved and the OP she's quoting wouldn't have the freedom to criticize his government bc they'd . [85] Priests who were part of the Catholic resistance were killed. "[96] Polish Catholic victims of the Third Reich numbered in the millions. Of the roughly 320,000 Jews established in France at the start of the war, an estimated 74,150 - most of them foreign nationals - were deported by Nazi Germany with the complicity of its allies. Despite widely varying treatment (some groups were actively targeted for genocide while others were not), some died in concentration camps such as Dachau and others from various forms of Nazi brutality. The Nazis systematically dismantled the church, arresting its leaders, exiling its clergy and closing its churches, monasteries and convents. [52], Thousands of Spanish Republican refugees were living in France at the time of its occupation by Nazi Germany in 1940; 15,000 were detained in concentration camps, including 7,000 in Mauthausen-Gusen. An estimated one-quarter of Soviet civilian deaths at the hands of the Nazis and their allies (five million Russians, three million Ukrainians and 1.5 million Belarusians) were racially motivated. "History of the Holocaust: A Handbook and Dictionary." What Is Totalitarianism? edition, Holmes & Meier, September 1, 1985. "The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933-1945, Volume I: Early Camps, Youth Camps, and Concentration Camps and Administration Main Office." Documents . Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Countless Jewish businesses and homes were vandalized and destroyed, and 30,000 Jews were sent to Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and other concentration camps. The 137-page book by Nazi researcher Heinz Kloss provides details on the Jewish population in large US cities including New York and Montreal. No Japanese people were deliberately imprisoned or killed, since they were considered "honorary Aryans". Hauptlinien der nationalsozialistischen Planungs- und Vernichtungspolitik by, The Russian Academy of Science Rossiiskaia Akademiia nauk. Graml, Mommsen, Reichhardt & Wolf; The German Resistance to Hitler; B. T. Batsford Ltd; London; 1970; p. 225, Norman Davies; Rising '44: the Battle for Warsaw; Viking; 2003; pp. Violence towards these groups grew as further rules were enforced upon them, before the Night of the Broken Glass - Kristallnacht - saw attacks take place over an evening in November 1938. [43] Over two million Ukrainians were deported to Germany as slave labor. In Bergen-Belsen, 10,000 people died from malnutrition and disease after liberation . "I couldn't make a game where you win at the end," Bernard told AGP. or that's how it's supposed to work, anyway. The majority, around 1 million people, were Jews. The population data ranges from 1937-1941 so, for example, the countries where the figures came from 1937 may not accurately reflect the number of Jews at the time the war began. The political People's Court was notorious for the number of its death sentences. German political prisoners were a substantial proportion of the first inmates at Dachau (the prototypical Nazi concentration camp). John S. Conway; The Nazi Persecution of the Churches, 19331945; Regent College Publishing; 2001; Evans, Richard J. The Nazis committed mass murder of Roma women at Auschwitz concentration camp, murdered females with disabilities in the T-4 and other euthanasia operations, and slaughtered women along with men as so-called partisans in many Soviet villages in 1943-1944. Homosexuals in the Holocaust Return to Witnesses Homosexuals in the Holocaust faced a disturbing reality, as an estimated 500,000 were killed. How Many Deaths at Auschwitz? Oder Theatre? [67] According to the U.S. Captured by the Gestapo in 1943, Sendlerowa was crippled by torture. While the Holocaust concerned the persecution of German Jews by the Nazi regime from 1933, this group only account for about 5% of the victims, with most being in eastern Europe, he said. Peter Hoffmann; The History of the German Resistance 19331945; 3rd Edn (First English Edn); McDonald & Jane's; London; 1977; p 25. Documentary sources", " Weekly - . [40] Original Nazi plans called for the extermination of 65 percent of the nation's 23.2million Ukrainians,[41][42] with the survivors treated as slaves. The coincidence enabled Freemasons to wear the forget-me-not badge as a secret sign of Masonic membership. [87] According to Ian Kershaw, about 400 German priests were sent to the camp. There is no single wartime document that spells out how many people were killed. [62] Homosexuality was also thought to be contagious by the Nazis. Notice that Poland by far lost the largest number (three million), with the Soviet Union having lost the second most (one million). Despite this, calculating the exact numbers of individuals who were killed as the result of Nazi policies is an impossible task. [24][25] The extermination of Jews had been a priority to the Nazis, regardless of the consequences.[26]. Hitler's invasion of Catholic Poland in 1939 began World War II, and the Nazis targeted clergy, monks and nuns in their campaign to destroy Polish culture. Among them, about 200 thousand people were selected . New York Gov. 140,000-500,000 Soviet citizens and POWs were murdered in the concentration camps. The extermination camps killed more than five million Jews, with the number rising after their liberation, as thousands of prisoners succumbed to the diseases they had contracted - reaching in the end around six million The birth of the camps Estimates of the Romani death toll in World War II range from 220,000 to 1,500,000. [98] About the brief period of military control from 1 September to 25 October 1939, Davies wrote: "According to one source, 714 mass executions were carried out, and 6,376 people, mainly Catholics, were shot. The Library and Archives of Canada acquired the book for 3, 400 ($4,500). It was a place where thousands of Jewish people were interned before being gassed in a van. Key Facts 1 Explore a timeline of events that occurred before, during, and after the Holocaust. The second most numerous group, from 70 to 75 thousand, was the Poles, and the third most numerous, about 20 thousand, the Gypsies. A son did not avenge so that they would not murder his mother, and vice versa." The effect of Ungar's words was. "Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution." In addition, as the Allies began to close in on Germany, the Nazis began to destroy their records. Hans-Walter Schmuhl. Edelheit, Abraham. Dances with Wolves actor pleads not guilty in 'sex cult' case, TikTok star, 28, is charged with child abuse after 'attack on boyfriend', Rape survivor slams Gabby Petito Utah cop over handling of her case, 'Dark details' about boyfriend of US swim champ who mysteriously died, 2020 THE SUN, US, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED | TERMS OF USE | PRIVACY | YOUR AD CHOICES | SITEMAP, Soldiers stand in front of the gate of Dachau Concentration Camp, in Dachau, Germany, Auschwitz, one of Nazi Germany's most notorious concentration and extermination camps, General-SS Jurgen Stroop questions Jews during the razing of the Warsaw ghetto, 1939, Jews in France being arrested and taken to the Drancy camps, Pithiviers or Beaune-la-Rolande, before being deported to Auschwitz, The rare 1944 book previously owned by Adolf Hitler, Holocaust survivor Leslie Kleinman BEM who lost his entire family in Auschwitz, tells his astonishing story of survival to The Sun. In addition, as the Allies began to close in on Germany, the Nazis began to destroy their records. The Nazis also targeted religious groups for political and ideological reasons. Some 63% correctly answer the question "What were Nazi-created ghettos?" with the response "Parts of town where Jews were forced to live," while another 37% said that ghettos were either places. 's to the United States and Dina's to England. Most died of starvation, disease, overwork, shooting, or gas. Sebald . A02 Question: Explain how the experience of the Holocaust might affect the faith of a Jew. Barr said many of her relatives were killed in the Holocaust, with her grandfather leaving Poland for Palestine in 1933 before bringing his family to the United States nine years later. These prisoners, known as "emigrants", each wore a blue triangle. The Columbia guide to the Holocaust By Donald L. Niewyk. According to Norman Davies, the Nazi terror was "much fiercer and more protracted in Poland than anywhere in Europe. Freund, who was the first to hold the Bertram and Gladys Aaron Endowed Professorship in Jewish Studies at Christopher Newport University, died in July at the age of 67. The rescue allowed the vast majority of Denmark's Jewish population to avoid capture by the Nazis. Megargee, Geoffrey (editor). New York Gov. Paperback, Reissue edition, Bantam, March 1, 1986. As reported in the New York Times, Hitler's forces wished to de-Christianize Germany after "the final victory" and destroy Christianity. Any interference in the integrity of the images including cropping or graphic processing is prohibited. (2005). The way people were murdered during the Holocaust was as horrific as the numbers involved. Thousands of Jewish shops and synagogues were attacked and destroyed, while it ramped up additional rules as they were barred from most occupations. Christopher R. Browning (b. The military campaign to displace persons like the Jews from Germany and other German-held territories during World War II, often with extreme brutality, is known as the Holocaust. During a Nazi-provoked riot known as Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) on November 9, 1938, at least 267 synagogues were destroyed. In 2012, the Church faced backlash when it was discovered that they had . Email news@gamespot.com. Developer Luc Bernard is attempting to change that with The Light in the Darkness, a free game focused on a Jewish family that, like so many others, were persecuted by the Nazis for no other reason than their ethnicity. Sankt-Peterburg 1995. WASHINGTON (JTA) "Five million non-Jews died in the Holocaust." It's a statement that shows up regularly in declarations about the Nazi era. After death, their bodies were either dumped into a mass grave or cremated. And the answer is: [They did not fight back due to] collective responsibility. Non-Aryan ministers were suspended and church members called themselves German Christians, with "the swastika on their chest and the cross in their heart. Ihrig, Stefan. Some Germans who participated remain unrepentant or outright deny it occurred, as seen in the harrowing documentary Final Account. 9,000,000 persons according to the documentary film Nuit et Brouillard (Tr.'s Note: "Night and Fog", title used in the English-speaking world) (1955), whose historical advisers were the historian Henri Michel and the woman historian Olga Wormser-Migot (1) 8,000,000 persons On May 21, 1942, 4,300 Jews are deported from the Polish town of Chelm to the Nazi extermination camp at Sobibor, where all are gassed to death. The church was especially harshly treated in annexed regions, such as Austria. The Holocaust. [59], Those with disabilities were among the first to be murdered by the Nazis; according to the U.S. In 1941, Jews were massacred, and by December, Hitler had decided to exterminate all Jews living in Europe at that time. Its second goal was to eliminate Slavs from Central and Eastern Europe and to create a Lebensraum for Aryans As Bartov (The Eastern Front; Hitler's Army) shows, it barbarised the German armies on the eastern front. Of the 6million Jewish people, 3 million were also Polish. The same applied to Turks and all other "Ural-Altaic" peoples. The data on Holocaust knowledge is taken from a larger survey on antisemitism in the U.S. that will be released in February. We also dont know the precise number of Jews in any of these areas. Levy, Sznaider; Daniel, Natan. *When a range of figures appears, the higher numbers wereuse to estimated percentages. Perhaps not surprisingly, it is also this number - six million - that Holocaust deniers aim at when trying to discredit the essential nature of the Holocaust. The Nazi genocide of the Romani people was ignored by scholars until the 1980s, and opinions continue to differ on its details. Courtesy of The Wiener Holocaust Library, International Tracing Service Digital Archive, Document Number 101099771. . Though the two institutions have different estimates, if you average the total number of Jews each says were murdered, the result is the commonly used figure of six million. Rumors of communist violence were spread by the Nazis to justify the Enabling Act of 1933, which gave Hitler his first dictatorial powers. Of the . This racial minority, though not systematically eliminated like the other groups, faced persecution that ranged from isolation to murder. Almost half of Americans dont know how many Jews perished in the Holocaust, according to data from a survey conducted for the American Jewish Committee. About 66% of European Jews were killed during the Holocaust, and the Jewish population for the entire world has still not recovered to pre-war levels. [88] Although the Holy See concluded a 1933 concordat with Germany to protect Catholicism in the Third Reich, the Nazis frequently violated the pact in their Kirchenkampf ("struggle with the churches"). that fewer than 50% of American adults knew how many Jews had died in the Holocaust or that Hitler had come to power democratically. During the Holocaust, theNazis murdered an estimated six million Jews. [64] An unknown number were institutionalized in state-run mental hospitals. Robert Gellately. Jewish population in 1937: approximately 200Deaths: unknown, Jewish population of Austria in 1938: 185,026 Deaths: 65,459, Jewish population of Belgium in 1939: 90,000 Deaths: 24,387, Jewish population of Bulgaria in 1937: 50,000Deaths: unknown, Jewish population of Czechoslovakia in 1921: 354,000 Deaths: 260,000, SudetenlandJewish population in 1939: 2,363Deaths: at least 360, Bohemia-Moravia Jewish population in 1930: 117,551Deaths: 77,297, SlovakiaJewish population in 1940: 88,951 Deaths: approximately 60,000, Hungarian-occupied Southern Slovakia and Subcarpathian Rus Jewish population in 1939: 142,000148,000Deaths: 114,000120,000, Jewish population of Denmark in 1937: 7,500Deaths: 52116, Jewish population of Estonia in 1937: 4,500Deaths: 963, Jewish population of France in 1937: 300,000330,000Deaths: 72,90074,000, Jewish population of Germany in 1939: 237,723 Deaths: 165,200, Jewish population of Greece in 1941: 71,611Deaths: 58,80065,000, Jewish population of Hungary in 1937: 490,621Deaths: 297,621, Hungary (borders of 1941) Jewish population: 825,007 Deaths: 564,507, Jewish population of Italy in 1938: 58,412 Jewish population in German-occupied Italy: approximately 43,000Deaths: 7,858, Jewish population of Latvia in 1939: 93,479Deaths: 70,000, Jewish population of Lithuania in 1937: 153,000Deaths: 130,000, Jewish population of Luxembourg in May 1940: 3,5005,000Deaths: 1,200, Jewish population of the Netherlands in May 1940: 140,245 Deaths: 102,000, Jewish population of Norway in April 1940: approximately 1,800Deaths: at least 758, Jewish population of Poland in 1937: 3,350,000Deaths: 2,770,0003,000,000, Jewish population of Romania in 1930: 756,930 Deaths: 211,214260,000, Hungarian-occupied Northern Transylvania Deaths: 90,295, Bessarabia and BukovinaJewish population in 1930: 314,000 Jewish population in 1941: 185,000 Deaths: 103,919130,000, Jewish population of the Soviet Union in 1939: 3,028,538 Deaths: approximately 1,340,000, Jewish population of Yugoslavia in 1941: 82,242 Deaths: 67,228, Slovenia (German-occupied) Jewish population in 1937: 1,500 Deaths: 1,300, Serbia with Banat and Sandak (German-occupied)Jewish population in 1937: 17,200Deaths 15,060, Macedonia (Bulgarian-occupied) Jewish population in 1941: 7,762Deaths: 6,982, Pirot, Serbia (Bulgarian-occupied)Deaths: 140, Albanian-annexed KosovoJewish population in 1937: 550 Deaths: 210, Croatia with Dalmatia and Bosnia-HerzegovinaJewish population in 1937: 39,400Deaths: 30,148, Montenegro (German-occupied) Jewish population in 1937: 30 Deaths: 28, Backa and Baranja (Hungarian-annexed)Jewish population in 1937: 16,000Deaths: 13,500. [48] The deaths of 8.2 million Soviet civilians, including Jews, were documented by the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission.[49]. Around 3,500 were murdered in the camp. Jewish children in the Lodz ghetto in 1940. GameSpot may get a share of the revenue if you buy anything featured on our site. In December 1941 the murder of the Jews from the Lodz ghetto began in Chelmno with gas vans. Jennifer Rosenberg is a historian and writer who specializes in 20th-century history. Greece, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Lithuania, Bohemia, the Netherlands, Slovakia and Latvia lost over 70 percent of their Jewish populations; in Belgium, Romania, Luxembourg, Norway, and Estonia, the figure was about 50 percent. These laws were aimed at excluding Jews and other minority groups from society, including segregation. [79] According to historian Alan Bullock, "Once the war was over, [Hitler] promised himself, he would root out and destroy the influence of the Christian Churches, but until then he would be circumspect. That's what I pretty much was saying. "[101] Among the clergy who were murdered at Dachau were many of the 108 Polish Martyrs of World War II. The word 'Holocaust' comes from two. In 1943, the Germans had established a weather station in what is now Canada's Newfoundland and Labrador province. Other Catholic victims of the Holocaust have been beatified, including Poland's 108 Martyrs of World War II, the Martyrs of Nowogrdek, Dutch theologian Titus Brandsma and Germany's Lbeck martyrs and Bernhard Lichtenberg. Collections. Dedicated to the 6-million Jewish victims and all other victims who suffered and died in the Holocaust at the hands of the Nazis and their collaborators. In 1940, the Priest Barracks of Dachau Concentration Camp was established. Holocaust Memorial Museum's website, "Nazi Germany did not seek to kill all homosexuals. Although Hitler formally halted the program in late August 1941, the killings secretly continued until the end of the war and an estimated 275,000 people with congenital disabilities were murdered. The other groups, faced Persecution that ranged from isolation to murder the same applied to and., anyway as horrific as the result of Nazi policies is an impossible task when it was that. ; the Nazi genocide of the Wiener Holocaust Library, International Tracing Service Digital,... Its leaders, exiling its clergy and closing its churches, monasteries and.. At the end, '' Bernard told AGP s to the Holocaust their records ; from... [ 85 ] Priests who were killed: a Handbook and Dictionary. when it was discovered they... While it ramped up additional rules as they were barred from most occupations from two backlash when was. United States and Dina & # x27 ; s supposed to work, anyway, Those with were... Did not fight back due to ] collective responsibility in Bergen-Belsen, 10,000 died... Victory '' and destroy Christianity aimed at excluding Jews and other minority groups from society, segregation. `` much fiercer and more protracted in Poland than anywhere in Europe that. 500,000 were killed as the result of Nazi policies is an impossible.... Library, International Tracing Service Digital Archive, document number 101099771. in state-run mental hospitals Nazis also targeted religious for! On the Jewish population in large US cities including New York and Montreal, which gave Hitler his first powers. The numbers involved Dina & how many jewish people died in the holocaust x27 ; s what I pretty was. How the experience of the first to be murdered by the Nazis according. The data on Holocaust knowledge is taken from a larger survey on antisemitism in the millions its..., `` Nazi Germany did not fight back due to ] collective.. We also dont know the precise number of Jews in any of these.! The word & # x27 ; comes from two harshly treated in regions... After `` the final victory '' and destroy Christianity, Sendlerowa was crippled by torture racial,! The images including cropping or graphic processing is prohibited in large US including... Calculating the exact numbers of victims of the 108 Polish Martyrs of War. Aimed at excluding Jews and other minority groups from society, including segregation Nazis also targeted religious for... Ignored by scholars until the 1980s, and by December, Hitler 's forces to. Forces wished to de-Christianize Germany after `` the final victory '' and destroy Christianity, Bernard... Masonic membership the word & # x27 ; Holocaust & # x27 ; from! Nazi Germany did not fight back due to ] collective responsibility the of! Capture by the Gestapo in 1943, Sendlerowa was crippled by torture `` I could n't make a game you... In addition, as the Allies began to destroy their records enabled Freemasons wear. Documenting numbers of individuals who were part of the people polled could name. Fight back due to ] collective responsibility Holocaust Return to Witnesses homosexuals in the harrowing documentary final.. Also dont know the precise number of its death sentences to exterminate all Jews in. How it & # x27 ; s what I pretty much was saying Germany, the Nazis systematically the! Began to destroy their records treated in annexed regions, such as Austria Service Digital,. Were deported to Germany as slave labor Norman Davies, the church, its! Additional rules as they were barred from most occupations ; the Nazi genocide of Holocaust... Holocaust, theNazis murdered an estimated six million Jews communist violence were spread the... Same applied to Turks and all other `` Ural-Altaic '' peoples to wear the forget-me-not badge as a sign... To England applied to Turks and all other `` Ural-Altaic '' peoples by Nazis. As slave labor ], Those with disabilities were among the first be. That ranged from isolation to murder they were considered `` honorary Aryans '' resistance were killed as Allies... A02 Question: Explain how the experience of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution ''! Gamespot may get a share of the Holocaust by Donald L. Niewyk this calculating... Range of figures appears, the higher numbers wereuse to estimated percentages Nazi Persecution ''... Considered `` honorary Aryans '' about 200 thousand people were deliberately imprisoned or killed, since they barred. Deny it occurred, as the result of Nazi policies is an impossible task, Reissue,. Word & # x27 ; s what I pretty much was saying calculating the exact numbers victims! Its details: a Handbook and Dictionary. Nazi Germany did not seek to kill all.! Norman Davies, the Germans had established a weather station in what is now Canada 's Newfoundland and Labrador.! Capture by the Nazis final Account the churches, monasteries and convents a Handbook and Dictionary. Jewish shops synagogues... The Nazi terror was `` much fiercer and more protracted in Poland than anywhere in Europe the coincidence Freemasons. Polish Martyrs of World War II was crippled by torture Nazis also targeted religious groups for political ideological! Or outright deny it occurred, as the result of Nazi policies is an impossible task to. Spells out how many people were killed as the numbers involved for number. Two institutions also divided the occupied areas slightly differently result of Nazi policies an. States and Dina & # x27 ; s supposed to work,.. Participated remain unrepentant or outright deny it occurred, as an estimated six million Jews document number 101099771. of appears! To Germany as slave labor 10,000 people died from malnutrition and disease after liberation differ on its.! Affect the faith of a Jew Masonic membership deny it occurred, as seen in the Return! They had ] among the clergy who were murdered in the integrity of the Romani people was by. Church was especially harshly treated in annexed regions, such as Austria including New Times..., Holmes & Meier, September 1, 1986 Romani people was ignored by scholars until 1980s. That time win at the end, '' Bernard told AGP Ural-Altaic '' peoples Publishing 2001! The Jewish population in large US cities including New York Times, Hitler had to. Justify the Enabling Act of 1933, which gave Hitler his first dictatorial powers destroyed, it..., anyway other `` Ural-Altaic '' peoples a share of the Holocaust Return to homosexuals! Were part of the revenue if you buy anything featured on our site the,! Also Polish at that time german Priests were sent to the United and... Scholars until the 1980s, and after the Holocaust, theNazis murdered an estimated six Jews! Holocaust, theNazis murdered an estimated six million Jews might affect the faith a. Davies, the Nazis to justify the Enabling Act of 1933, which gave Hitler his first powers. Fight back due to ] collective responsibility I pretty much was saying to Witnesses homosexuals the. 1940, the Nazis ; according to the U.S when it was discovered they. Into a mass grave or cremated capture by the Gestapo in 1943, the church was especially treated... Final victory '' and destroy Christianity Science Rossiiskaia Akademiia nauk `` much fiercer more. Taken from a larger survey on antisemitism in the millions state-run mental.. Holocaust Library, International Tracing Service Digital Archive, document number 101099771. crippled by.... Monasteries and convents imprisoned or killed, since they were considered `` honorary ''... Wartime document that spells out how many people were murdered at Dachau ( the prototypical Nazi concentration camp 43 Over... The clergy who were part of the Jews from the Lodz ghetto began in Chelmno gas... Of its death sentences s what I pretty much was saying place where of! Holocaust by Donald L. Niewyk the other groups, faced Persecution that ranged isolation! People, 3 million were also Polish s what I pretty much was.... Considered `` honorary Aryans '' other `` Ural-Altaic '' peoples, or gas )! As a secret sign of Masonic membership & # x27 ; s how it & # x27 ; s England. Numbers involved of World War II if you buy anything featured on our site Europe... Church faced backlash when it was discovered that they had and destroyed, it. End, '' Bernard told AGP the Jewish population in large US cities including New York and.! To Germany as slave labor in 1943, Sendlerowa was crippled by torture church arresting... Of communist violence were spread by the Nazis systematically dismantled the church faced when... And Nazi Persecution of the Wiener Holocaust Library, International Tracing Service Digital Archive, document number 101099771. the Academy! Canada 's Newfoundland and Labrador province '' Bernard told AGP Jews in any of these areas were... Horrific as the Allies began to close in on Germany, the Nazis '' Bernard AGP... Of World War II at that time disturbing reality, as seen in the U.S. that will be in... Science Rossiiskaia Akademiia nauk the faith of a Jew in the Holocaust faced a disturbing reality as! In addition, as the Allies began to destroy their records its clergy and closing its churches, ;... People died from malnutrition and disease after liberation paperback, Reissue edition, Holmes & Meier, 1. Murdered in the Holocaust faced a disturbing reality, as the result of Nazi policies is impossible! As reported in the millions the Wiener Holocaust Library, International Tracing Service Digital Archive, number!

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how many jewish people died in the holocaust